... nice article about the emigration of a online historical journal that a friend told me in writing ...
If anyone wants to see if it is publishable padronissimo, enough to agree with the magazine I think, just that it's longish but worth considering this section ...
even if we go back to the beginning of this story we walk straight into news and numbers that give the idea of \u200b\u200bjust how many unfounded opinions are formed about him. The idea, for example, that migration has been dominated almost exclusively of southern Italy (remember the movie gag Massimo Troisi as a hitchhiker that the question of who gives him a lift - "Ah, you are Neapolitan? Emigrant? " - must meet, without being believed, being just a tourist?) or, in line with it, the other idea that to determine the abandonment of the homeland must have been economic reasons, yes, but always pure misery and need of invincible. Things actually went very differently in most cases, as demonstrated by the fact that the first places to be affected by the mass migrations were in the peninsula, the countries and villages and Alpine foothills of the Alps, but even then the Po Valley in which, for many centuries, a practice which some of expatriation had established wide since you want small, but significant and prefigures.
The mass migration from the South, of which there were also significant signs already in the decades 1870 and 1880, followed later and also the vanguard of the rest of the northern Italian exodus late nineteenth century, particularly overseas, were in Europe much later than those of the Anglo-Saxons, the Germans, the Scandinavians and so on.
That said, it should not cause surprise that when the unification of the first national census of 1861 would have recorded a number of already impressive subjects of the Kingdom, that of Italians abroad. Over 200 thousand, to be precise, yet distributed unequally among different parts of the world that would soon become very popular destination for our emigrants in the North. Nearly 80 000 were on that date, our compatriots in France and about 30 000 between Switzerland and Germany, while in the "remote America," as they used to say then, there were 100 000, half of which only the United States. Interspersed among them, that there is in America English and Portuguese, were undoubtedly the stars of exile Risorgimento that had brought many more abroad and less far to begin with, of course, by Garibaldi (but the same could be said for Foscolo, Mazzini, or to many other patriots, liberals in France and England, usually future leaders or chiefs of ethnic communities arose among nineteenth and twentieth centuries).
The novelty of the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century, years of crisis mainly agricultural, fu costituita, ad ogni modo, dal dilagare nelle campagne settentrionali di una visione ottimistica e speranzosa, ma del tutto inedita qui, delle opportunità offerte dall'emigrazione non più solo al di là delle Alpi, bensì pure oltreoceano. E in particolare, con una simmetria che sarebbe stata confermata trent'anni più tardi dalle partenze in massa dal Sud per gli Usa, in paesi come l'Argentina e il Brasile dove i governi locali stavano attuando politiche popolazioniste e "coloniali" di forte richiamo.
Una specie di mito americano ad uso dei contadini si venne formando soprattutto in area alpina e padana da dove mossero i primi contingenti messi insieme, su questa base, da reclutatori privati – often but not necessarily unscrupulous - now in the pay of those governments and now, or quite often in close relationship with the most enterprising shipping companies in Italy, at the time, focused especially in Genoa, our port for excellence and more within the reach of the Ligurian, of Piedmont, Lombardy and the Veneto, for obvious geographical reasons (not always adhered to, however, if until the early twentieth century 40% of our emigrants continued to sail from French ports, English and German).
Liguria and Genoa, since the twenties of the nineteenth century, had taken a head, as the shipowners and seafarers, to regions platense 1830 and the end of the decade included self settlements there as famous as that of the Boca del Riachuelo in Buenos Aires (where even today the fans of Boca Juniors, one of Maradona, Genoa that call themselves xeneises ...).
Emigration from the North of Argentina (after the Ligurian, especially in Piedmont, Lombardy and Friuli) and Brazil (since the early days especially Venetian) gained momentum with effect from 1873, when they were certain groups of Trentino (still subjects Austrian) to open the road (Espirito Santo) and will soon inaugurate a new era characterized by the joint American and the calls from the facilities in transport costs, caused in turn the advent of steam and falling freight rates. As early as 1876, however, when started for the first time in Italy Journal of redundancy detection is temporary, as it was or it was feared, "permanent," the migratory situation of the "beautiful country", according to the definition of nearly coeval 'Abbot Stoppani, was clearly defined: the northern route to southern South America and gradually directed mainly in the United States.
In the first case, and for several decades, in search of free land plausible, in the second - having run out, epic along the border, just the availability of land in the U.S. - in search of work or employment in the city on the Atlantic coast. The fact remains that even in Brazil and Argentina, particularly in cities such as Sao Paulo and Porto Alegre or Buenos Aires and Rosario, the streets of the "Northern Italian" and "Italians of the South" - to use a label does not proto League but the detectors in use at about Americans - they mixed and mingled soon hurrying away from Italy, the timing and meaning of national and patriotic then guilty of an acculturation (by us) forgotten.
Italians of the north, south and center, a face and a race.
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